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Inter-Linking of Rivers
Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation has constituted a “Task Force for Interlinking of Rivers” vide Office Memorandum dated April 13, 2015, to look into issues relating to Inter linking of Rivers (ILR).
NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India)
The Government has replaced Planning Commission with a new institution named NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India). The institution will serve as ‘Think Tank’ of the Government-a directional and policy dynamo.

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
This will be the flagship scheme for skill training of youth to be implemented by the new Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship through the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC).

Possible End of Collegium System Era, National Judicial Appointments Commission Act Notified
The Government today notified the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014 and the Constitution (Ninety-ninth Amendment) Act, 2014 for bringing in a change in the existing system for appointment of Judges in Supreme Court and High Courts.

Contingent Reserve Arrangement
During sixth BRICS summit held in Fortaleza, Brazil, on 15 July 2014 the participating nations announced signing of the Treaty for the establishment of the BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) with an initial size of US$ 100 billion.

National Development Bank (NDB)
During sixth BRICS summit held in Fortaleza, Brazil, on 15 July 2014 the participating nations announced signing of the Agreement establishing the New Development Bank (NDB), with the purpose of mobilizing resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging and developing economies.


Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
The increasing work participation rate of women has made it imperative that a comprehensive legislation focusing on prevention of sexual harassment as well as providing a redressal mechanism be enacted.In this light this act was enacted in April,2013

Varishtha Pension Bima Yojana
Government of India in the Union Budget 2014-2015, announced the revival of Varishtha Pension Bima Yojana (VPBY) for a limited period from 15th August 2014 to 14th August 2015 for the benefit of citizens aged 60 years and above.

Swachhta Udyami Yojana
The objective of the Scheme is to provide concessional loan for viable community toilet projects and sanitation related vehicles to collect the garbage, to consolidate the ongoing efforts for realising the objectives of the ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ launched by Prime Minister on 2nd October, 2014.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
The PMJDY has been conceived as a national mission on financial inclusion with the objective of covering all households in the country with banking facilities and having a bank account for each household. Financial inclusion or inclusive financing is the delivery of financial services at affordable costs to sections of disadvantaged and low-income segments of society, in contrast to financial exclusion where those services are not available or affordable.
The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, paid an official visit to Australia from 16-18November 2014, following the G-20 Summit, as the guest of Prime Minister Tony Abbott.

The Prime Minister of India and the Prime Minister of Australia have decided to establish a Framework for Security Cooperation to reflect the deepening and expanding security and defence engagement between India and Australia, and to intensify cooperation and consultation between Australia and India in areas of mutual interest.


Swachhta Udyami Yojana
The objective of the Scheme is to provide concessional loan for viable community toilet projects and sanitation related vehicles to collect the garbage, to consolidate the ongoing efforts for realising the objectives of the ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ launched by Prime Minister on 2nd October, 2014.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
The PMJDY has been conceived as a national mission on financial inclusion with the objective of covering all households in the country with banking facilities and having a bank account for each household. Financial inclusion or inclusive financing is the delivery of financial services at affordable costs to sections of disadvantaged and low-income segments of society, in contrast to financial exclusion where those services are not available or affordable.

Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness in humans.EVD outbreaks have a case fatality rate of up to 90%.EVD outbreaks occur primarily in remote villages in Central and West Africa, near tropical rainforests. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are considered to be the natural host of the Ebola virus.

Highlights of PM's Nepal Visit
Focus on 4Cs: Cooperation. Connectivity. Culture. Constitution
India will give Nepal a one billion dollar line of credit. This will be in addition to any existing lines of credit.
Pancheswor Development Authority will be set up and DPR finalized in one year
India and Nepal have agreed to conclude Power Trading Agreement in 45 days.

National Drug Policy for Malaria
The National Drug Policy for Malaria (2013) has been formulated with objective of Reducing morbidity by prompt and complete treatment of suspected/confirmed malaria cases

IndARC
On 23rd July, 2014 when a team of scientists from the ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) and the ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) successfully deployed IndARC, the country’s first multi-sensor moored observatory in the Kongsfjorden fjord of the Arctic, roughly half way between Norway and the North Pole.

Section 3(D) of the Indian Patent Act
Section 3(d) of the Indian Patent Act 1970 (as amended in 2005) does not allow patent to be granted to inventions involving new forms of a known substance unless it differs significantly in properties with regard to efficacy. Thus, the Indian Patent Act does not allow evergreening of patents. This is a cause of concern to the US pharma companies.
Kamalnathan Committee
The Central Government has constituted an Advisory Committee under the Chairmanship of Shri CR. Kamalanathan for State Government employees other than All India Services, in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 80 of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014, with effect from 29.3.2014.

Exercise Indra 2014
Indra is an Indo-Russian bilateral naval exercise, of which The first Indo-Russian bilateral naval exercise was conducted in May 2003 on both the Western and Eastern seaboards of India.

Sindhu Sadhana
R V Sindhu Sadhana is a multi-disciplinary research vessel equipped with a number of laboratories for data collection, echo sounders, acoustic doppler, profiler, autonomous weather station, air quality monitors and a host of other world-class latest equipments in the field of ocean technology and ocean research.
Highlights of Budget 2014-15
Budget has raised the personal income-tax exemption limit by Rs. 50,000/- that is, from Rs. 2 lakh to Rs. 2.5 lakh in the case of individual taxpayers, below the age of 60 years. Exemption limit raised from Rs. 2.5 lakh to Rs. 3 lakh in the case of senior citizens. However there is no change in the rate of surcharge either for the corporates or the individuals, HUFs, firms etc. The budget proposes to continue education cess at 3 percent.
Impact of Iraq Crisis on Import Oil
In order to deal with any contingency arising out of further deepening in crisis in Iraq, the Indian oil companies have formulated their short and medium term contingency plans.

Committee on Agricultural Reforms
A Committee of State Ministers, In-charge of Agricultural Marketing constituted by Ministry of Agriculture, on marketing reforms submitted its report on 2nd July, 2013 to the Government. The Committee recommended reforms of the agri marketing sector in the country including amendment of the State Agriculture Produce Market Committee (APMC) Acts on lines of Model Act.

Highlights of Rail Budget 2014
Increased passenger amenities, more safety measures, timely completion of projects and increased financial discipline are the main highlights of the Railway Budget 2014-15 presented by the Minister of Railways in Parliament today.

Law Commission Report on Setting up New Courts
Law Commission of India today (7/7/2014) submitted its report “Manpower Planning in Judiciary: A Blue Print” to the Minister of Law & Justice and Communications & IT.

Ministers of Urban Development and Housing of the Union, States and Union Territories have unanimously adopted a three page ‘National Declaration on Urban Governance and Housing For All’ on 3rd july,2014.

Essential Commodities Act, 1955
The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 was enacted to ensure the easy availability of essential commodities to consumers and to protect them from exploitation by unscrupulous traders. The Act provides for the regulation and control of production, distribution and pricing of commodities, which are declared as essential for maintaining or increasing supplies or for securing their equitable distribution and availability at fair prices.

Marrakesh Treaty
India becomes the first country to ratify the Marrakesh Treaty to facilitate access to published works for persons who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print disabled on 30th June, 2014. So far, 79 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organisation) member states have signed this Treaty. The Marrakesh treaty will come into force once twenty countries ratify this treaty.

Visa policy for Afghan nationals
The Government is introducing a new liberal visa policy for Afghan nationals to stay in India on humanitarian grounds for two years w.e.f. July 01, 2014. The new policy further streamlines procedures being implemented in the current visa policy for citizens of Afghanistan.

Pursuit of world peace is a fundamental tenet of India’s foreign policy. It draws inspiration from our ancient civilisational value of considering the world as one family. This shapes and guides our actions in international relations.

Third BIMSTEC Summit
Third Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) summit held on 4th march 2014 in Nay Pyi Taw , Myanmaar. The first two summit held in Bangkok(2004) and New Delhi (2008).

PSLV - C 23
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is looking forward to the lift-off of its Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C 23 from Sriharikota at 9-48 am on the coming Monday, the 30th June 2014.

Recently gopal subramanium opted out from being appointed as supreme court judge after his name returned back to collegium for reconsideration invoking a controversy. In this light let us study in detail about procedure of appointment of judges.


Star Alliance Netwrok
The Star Alliance network is the leading global airline network, with the highest number of member airlines, daily flights, destinations and countries flown to. It was established in 1997 as the first truly global airline alliance to offer customers convenient worldwide reach and a smoother travel experience.

The World Heritage Committee has inscribed the Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (GHNPCA), India, on the World Heritage List on the basis of criterion (x) of UNESCO Guidelines. The Criterion X is “To contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.”

India on 14th June, 2014 ratified additional protocol with IAEA which is supposed to enhance transparency of Indian nuclear infrastructure.

Rani ki vav on World Heritage List
UNESCO has recently recognized this masterpiece as an exceptional example of technological development in utilizing ground water resources in a single component, water management system and it illustrates the exceptional capacity to break large spaces into smaller volumes following ideal aesthetic proportions.

Project Mausam
Secretary, Ministry of Culture Shri Ravindra Singh on 20th June, 2014 presented ‘Mausam’, a Ministry of Culture project to an international audience at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee at Doha, Qatar. One of the main deliverable of this project is nomination of maritime cultural landscapes across the Indian Ocean as a trans-national property on the World Heritage List of UNESCO.

Highlights of Economic Survey 2013-14
The Economic Survey 2013-14 mentions that the next wave of reforms will be through strengthening the institutional foundation – both laws and organizations – improving and polishing the financial processes; and by taking well-designed policy decisions that will enhance clarity, consistency, and transparency for a globalized India.

World Food Prize
India-born plant scientist Sanjaya Rajaram has been named the winner of the USD 250,000 World Food Prize for his contribution in increasing global wheat production by more than 200 million tonnes in the years following the Green Revolution.

PM's Bhutan Visit
At the invitation of His Majesty Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the King of Bhutan, Prime Minister of the Republic of India Shri Narendra Modi paid a State Visit to Bhutan from 15-16 June 2014. The Prime Minister of India was accompanied by External Affairs Minister Smt. Sushma Swaraj, National Security Adviser Shri Ajit Doval, Foreign Secretary Smt. Sujatha Singh and other senior officials of the Government of India.

Project Seabird
Project Seabird (Karwar naval base in Karnataka) is a program to establish a new Naval Base, the INS Kadamba which will be one of the largest naval bases of India and will be completed in two phases. It will house various warships including India's largest warship and aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya.

INS Vikramaditya
INS Vikramaditya(formerly Admiral Gorshkov) is the newest and largest ship, a modified Kiev-class aircraft carrier ,purchased from Russia.joined Indian Navy on 16 Nov 2013. Prime Minister of India formally inducted INS Vikramaditya into the Indian Navy and dedicated it to the Nation on 14th june 2014.

Washington Accord
Washington Accord is an international agreement amongst prominent nations of the World, with the charter of promoting mobility and quality assurance of engineers across international boundaries. The charter requires that nations set up suitable accreditation standards, which would ensure a minimum quality of attainment for their engineering graduates.

Mars-Orbitor
Mars Orbiter Mission informally called Mangalyaan is India's first interplanetary mission to planet Mars with an orbiter craft designed to orbit Mars in an elliptical orbit. The Mission is primarily technological mission considering the critical mission operations and stringent requirements on propulsion and other bus systems of spacecraft.

Clean Technology Fund
The Clean Technology Fund (CTF),One of the Climate Investment Funds (CIF) ,provides middle income countries with highly concessional resources to explore options to scale up the demonstration, deployment, and transfer of low carbon technologies in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable transport.World Bank is trustee of this fund.

RIMPAC 2014
RIMPAC, the Rim of the Pacific Exercise, is the world's largest international maritime warfare exercise. RIMPAC is held biennially during June and July of even-numbered years from Honolulu, Hawaii.

Financial Stability and Development Council
The Council is chaired by the Union Finance Minister and its members are Governor, Reserve Bank of India; Finance Secretary and/or Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs; Secretary, Department of Financial Services; Chief Economic Adviser, Ministry of Finance; Chairman, Securities and Exchange Board of India; Chairman, Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority and Chairman, Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority.

National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation
National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) was set up in 2001 as a non profit company under Ministry of Tribal Affairs with following objectives.

Horti-Sangam
Horti-Sangam is an exhibition cum farmers meet organised by the National Horticulture Board (NHB). Horti-sangam encourages farmers to participate in exhibition-cum-sale events free of cost. The discussion sessions also help direct contact between farmers, retailers and consumers. Farmers also exchange their experiences during these discussions.

K4 Missile
K-4 is an intermediate-range nuclear-capable submarine-launched ballistic missile developed indigenously by DRDO of India to arm the Arihant class submarine(India's first indigenously developed nuclear submarine)and will complement K-15 Sagarika. The missile has an effective range of 3500 km.Recently India test fired K4 successfully.

Palestinian Unity Government
Ending bitter relationship of seven years between two main factions of palestine , Fatah and Hamas declared forming unity government. This unity government will reunite Gaza and west Bank under single political leadership for the first time since 2007.

Bezbaruah Committe
The Committee which was constituted on 6th feb 2014 is looking into the various concerns of persons hailing from the North Eastern States who are living in different parts of the country, especially the Metropolitan areas, and will suggest suitable remedial measures which could be taken by the Government.

Garuda-5
Grauda is Indo-france joint exercise which takes place biennially to strengthen relationship between both the countries.

3D Printing
3D printing which is also known as Additive manufacturing or Stereo lithography is a process of making a three dimensional solid object of almost any shape from a digital model. 3D printing is also considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling (subtractive processes).

Mobile Seva won UNPSA award
"Mobile Seva", the national mobile governance initiative launched by Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY), Government of India, has bagged the second prize under the category on "Promoting Whole-of-Government Approaches in the Information Age" of the United Nations Public Service Awards, 2014. Mobile Seva is the only winner from India across all categories this year.

Special Investigation Team(SIT) on Black money
The Union Cabinet approved constitution of Special Investigating Team (SIT) to implement the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court on large amounts of money stashed abroad by evading taxes or generated through unlawful activities.

Article 370 : Definition and Implication
Article 370 which is in news now a days provides special autonomous status to the state of Jammu & Kashmir. It restricts the power of Indian Parliament to make laws for people who reside in J&K as this article specifies that except for Defence, Foreign Affairs, Communications and ancillary matters (matters specified in the instrument of accession) the Indian Parliament needs the State Government's concurrence for applying all other laws.

Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal
On 8 May 2014, the Security Council, by its resolution 2154, decided to create “the Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage" to be awarded to “those military, police, civilian United Nations personnel and associated personnel who demonstrate exceptional courage, in the face of extreme danger, while fulfilling the mandate of their missions or their functions, in the service of humanity and the United Nations.”

Dag Hammarskjold Medal
The Dag Hammarskjöld Medal is a posthumous award given by the United Nations (UN) to military personnel, police, or civilians who lose their lives while serving in a United Nations peacekeeping operation. The medal is named after Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, who died in a plane crash in what is now Zambia in September 1961.

MERS-CoV
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(MERS-CoV) is a beta coronavirus. It was first reported in 2012 in Saudi Arabia. MERS-CoV used to be called novel coronavirus (nCoV). It is different from other coronaviruses that have been found in people before.Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness which is being caused by MERS-CoV.

Dispute Resolution Committee (DRC) for Andhra Pradesh
The Government of India has constituted a Dispute Resolution Committee (DRC) for removal of difficulties in the interpretation of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, by the two successor States and for resolution of disputes between them.

SIMBEX 2014
The 2014 edition of the ‘SIMBEX 14’ series of annual bilateral naval exercises between the Indian Navy (IN) and the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN), is being conducted in the Andaman Sea from 22 May to 28 May 14. Hosted byIN, SIMBEX 14 will be the 21st in the series, designed to enhance inter-operability and mutual understanding between the two navies.

AFD to provide EURO 100 million Line of credit to IREDA
The Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD or French Development Agency) is extending a Line of Credit (LoC) of Euro 100 million to M/s Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) to be utilized for financing Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency projects in India. The said Line of Credit is being extended for a tenure of 15 years and without any guarantee from Government of India.

US tests Land based Aegis system
The United States successfully conducted the first live-fire test of a Raytheon Co SM-3 missile from the land-based version of Aegis missile defense system on 21st may at the pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF). "Aegis ashore" weapon system is designed to protect from a ballistic missile attack .This was the first test of Aegis system using land-based missile launcher .

Jhumpa Lahiri’s ‘Lowland’ shortlisted for Baileys prize
Jhumpa Lahiri who got pulitzer prize for her debut short story collection, Interpreter of Maladies and her other novel, The Namesake, was adapted into a film of same name is in news again as her story "Lowland" on a young man’s tryst with the Naxalite movement in Kolkata has been shortlisted for the prestigious 2014 Baileys Women’s Prize for Fiction which was earlier known as the Orange prize.This prize is UK’s only annual book award for fiction written by a woman.

India Receives New Frontiers Award 2014
India’s expert handling of relief, rehabilitation and rebuilding in the two natural calamities that hit the country last year has earned it this year’s New Frontiers Award. India saw twin tragedies last year. Heavy floods and landslides devastated its northern state of Uttarakhand in June, with a cyclone causing significant fatalities on its east coast barely five months later.

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सच है, विपत्ति जब आती है, कायर को ही दहलाती है, शूरमा नहीं विचलित होते, क्षण एक नहीं धीरज खोते, विघ्नों को गले लगाते हैं, काँटों में राह बनाते हैं।

किसको नमन करूँ मैं भारत? - Kisko Naman Karu Mein Bharat?

A poem dedicated to the nation written by Ramdhari Singh "dinkar"... तुझको या तेरे नदीश, गिरि, वन को नमन करूँ, मैं ? मेरे प्यारे देश ! देह या मन को नमन करूँ मैं ? किसको नमन करूँ मैं भारत ? किसको नमन करूँ मैं ? भू के मानचित्र पर अंकित त्रिभुज, यही क्या तू है ? नर के नभश्चरण की दृढ़ कल्पना नहीं क्या तू है ? भेदों का ज्ञाता, निगूढ़ताओं का चिर ज्ञानी है मेरे प्यारे देश ! नहीं तू पत्थर है, पानी है जड़ताओं में छिपे किसी चेतन को नमन करूँ मैं ? भारत नहीं स्थान का वाचक, गुण विशेष नर का है एक देश का नहीं, शील यह भूमंडल भर का है जहाँ कहीं एकता अखंडित, जहाँ प्रेम का स्वर है देश-देश में वहाँ खड़ा भारत जीवित भास्कर है निखिल विश्व को जन्मभूमि-वंदन को नमन करूँ मैं ! खंडित है यह मही शैल से, सरिता से सागर से पर, जब भी दो हाथ निकल मिलते आ द्वीपांतर से तब खाई को पाट शून्य में महामोद मचता है दो द्वीपों के बीच सेतु यह भारत ही रचता है मंगलमय यह महासेतु-बंधन को नमन करूँ मैं ! दो हृदय के तार जहाँ भी जो जन जोड़ रहे हैं मित्र-भाव की ओर विश्व की ...